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It is always best to use the ingredients stated in the recipe; however,  if they are not on hand, here is a list of satisfactory substitutes.
 
 For   Use
 1 cup sifted all-purpose flour
 1 cup plus 2 tbsps sifted cake flour
 1 cup sifted cake flour
 1 cup minus 2 tbsps sifted all-purpose flour
 1 cup sifted pastry flour
 1 cup minus 2 tbsps sifted all-purpose flour
 1 tbsp cornstarch (for thickening)
 2 tbsps flour (approx.)
 1 tsp baking powder
 1/4 tsp soda plus 1/2 tsp cream of tartar
 1 cup fresh sweet milk
 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water
 1 cup fresh sweet milk
 1 cup sour milk or buttermilk plus 1/2 tsp soda (decrease baking powder by 2 tsps)
 1 cup sour milk or buttermilk
 1 cup fresh sweet milk with 1 tbsp lemon juice or vinegar added
 1 square (1 oz.) unsweetened chocolate
 3-4 tbsps cocoa plus 1/2 tbsp shortening
 1/4 cup bread crumbs (dry)
 1/4 cup crushed cracker crumbs or corn flakes or oatmeal
 1 square (1 oz.) semisweet chocolate  1 oz. unsweetened chocolate plus 1 tbsp sugar
 1 cup semisweet chocolate chips  6 oz. chopped semisweet baking chocolate
 2 cups tomato sauce
 3/4 cup tomato paste plus 1 1/4 cups water
 1 cup sour cream  1 cup plain yogurt
 2 cups baking mix
 1 3/4 cups flour plus 2 1/2 tsps baking powder and 3/4 tsp salt. Cut in 1/3 cup shortening until it looks like fine crumbs
 1 cup white wine  1 cup apple juice or chicken broth
 1 cup red wine  1 cup apple cider or beef broth
 1 tbsp capers  1 tbsp chopped green olives
 1 tbsp fresh herbs  1 tsp dried
 1 cup honey  1 1/4 cups sugar plus 1/4 cup water or apple juice
 1/2 cup leeks  1/2 cup sliced shallots or green onions
 1 tsp poultry seasoning  1/4 tsp ground thyme plus 3/4 tsp ground sage
 1 cup canned tomatoes
 about 1 1/3 cup cut up fresh, simmered 10 minutes
 1 tbsp minced onion (dehydrated)
 1 small fresh onion
 1 tbsp prepared mustard  1 tsp dry mustard
 1/2 cup tomato paste
 1 cup tomato sauce cooked uncovered to reduced 1/2 cup
 1 cup molasses
 1 cup honey